There are a number of titled chess players who are medical doctors, dentists, lawyers or hold doctorate degrees. Below are some of the most obvious names:
GM/WC/Dr. Euwe
GM/WC/Dr. Lasker
GM/Dr. Tarrasch
GM/Dr. Fine
GM/Dr. Stohl
GM/Dr. Huebner
GM/Dr. Nunn
GM/Dr. Ftacnik
GM/Dr. Kosashvili (MD)
GM/Dr. Sherzer (MD)
GM/Dr. Mueller
GM/Dr. Rogoff
GM/Dr. Jonathan Rowson
IM/Dr. Saidy (MD)
IM/Dr. Regan
IM/Dr. David Strauss
IM/Dr. Doug Root
IM/Dr. Kopec
FM/Dr. Martinovsky
WGM/Dr. Jana Bellin (MD)
WIM/Dr. Alexey Root
NM/Dr. Moskow (MD)
GM Kamsky (graduated law school)
GM Rohde (lawyer)
GM Wilder (lawyer)
GM Morphy (lawyer)
Can you think of more names? 
Chess Daily News from Susan Polgar
I believe Igor Stohl is both Phd and GM.
Robert Huebner is very distinguished in both.
Very impressive is Kenneth Rogoff. GM and Phd from MIT. Here is his web page: http://post.economics.harvard.edu/faculty/rogoff/rogoff.html
He writes about his chess career there.
Karsten Mueller is GM and Phd in Mathematics
Ken Regan is IM and I think Phd in Mathematics (from Oxford).
If anyone who is reading this who has both GM and Phd, can you answer this: which was harder to get?
Did Alekhine have a law degree?
Palcakius (name mispelled) was Correspondence WC and PHd.
Milan Vucevich (name mispelled again) was IM (but much stronger) and PHd (Nobel Prize category). He died a couple of years ago.
Anonymous: “If anyone who is reading this who has both GM and Phd, can you answer this: which was harder to get?”
I am hoping to get a PhD soon. Its not too tough. I think a GM norm is extremely difficult unless you are naturally talented in chess. Not the case for a PhD as there are so many subjects to choose from.
– Vinay
IM Doug Root (PhD Molecular Biology, UCLA)
WIM Alexey Root (PhD Education, UCLA)
GM Jonathan Rowson (I believe he is doing post-doctorate work at Harvard)
IM David Strauss (PhD, professor of statistics UC-Riverside)
IM Anthony Saidy (Dr., a physician)
I think GM Alex Sherzer is a medical doctor.
Also I think GM Michael Wilder got his law degree..
Paul Morphy–lawyer.
FM/Dr. Eugene Martinovsky
in honor of Igor Ivanov wonder which list would be longer , this list or one of talented world class musicians
Dr & IM Danny Kopec
Noam Elkies has a PhD in Mathematics (and is now a professor at Harvard) and won a world problem-solving championship in chess.
Jonathan Mestel is a math professor.
Frankly, it is silly to list lawyers, dentists, etc. Anyone with an ordinary brain can get these qualifications.
I am not so sure Jonathan Rowson has a PhD – anyone have more details on this?
Mikhail Botvinnik -electrical engineer
The Scotsman newspaper August 21, 2004:
“Rowson could “make a living” from chess but he plans to pursue an academic career and next year he begins a PhD course at Bristol.”
So we assume he has not finished the PhD yet!
Was Morphy a GM anyway?
Isn’t Boris Gelfand a nuclear Physicist or something ?
Peter Ostermeyer is IM and holds a Math Ph.D.
Dr John Nunn was a child prodigy who entered oxford university when he was 15, and completed his doctorate in theoretical mathematics at the age of 20!
Hey, Kamsky is law grad ..I thought he was supposed to join medicine when he left the game in ’96-97
Dr IM Srecko Nedeljkovic and Dr WGM Vera Nedeljkovic – University professors (Medicine)